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Developing Economic Policy Instruments for Tourism Management in Protected Areas.

Jukka Siltanen1, Jon Geir Petursson2, David Cook2

  • 1Environment and Natural Resources, School of Social Sciences and School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland. jks16@hi.is.

Environmental Management
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Iceland

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Conservation Science
  • Environmental Policy
  • Tourism Management

Background:

  • Protected areas (PAs) are crucial for nature conservation and rural development via tourism.
  • Economic instruments like concessions manage commercial activities and visitor flows in PAs.
  • Icelandic National Parks serve as a case study for concession systems in Nordic contexts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine challenges, opportunities, and constraints of implementing a concession system for commercial tourism in Icelandic National Parks.
  • To analyze the legal framework and stakeholder perspectives on concessions.
  • To address the need for integrating holistic sustainability into concession contracts.

Main Methods:

  • Review of Iceland's legal framework for concessions.
  • 21 semi-structured interviews with PA managers and business stakeholders.
  • Case study analysis of Icelandic National Parks.

Main Results:

  • Iceland has a comprehensive, legally-binding concession framework.
  • Stakeholders support regulating commercial activities and view concession revenues as vital PA financing.
  • Concessions are primarily economically driven, lacking integrated social and environmental sustainability criteria.

Conclusions:

  • Existing legal overlaps and conflicts hinder holistic sustainability integration.
  • Clearer policies are needed for guidance and interpretation of concession regulations.
  • Balancing economic motives with social and environmental criteria is essential for sustainable tourism in protected areas.