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Movement Related Beta-Band Modulation with OPM-MEG: A Pilot Study.

Tobias Sevelsted Stærmose1, Jakob Udby Blicher2,3, Sarang S Dalal2

  • 1Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience (CFIN), Department Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark, Building 1710, Universitetsbyen 3, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark. tgs@cfin.au.dk.

Brain Topography
|December 1, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs) reliably captured movement-related brain activity in healthy individuals, comparable to traditional systems. OPMs show promise as a cost-effective, flexible alternative for magnetoencephalography (MEG).

Keywords:
ALSAmyotrophic lateral sclerosisCortical betaMEGMotor neuron diseaseOPM

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biophysics
  • Medical Technology

Background:

  • Optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs) offer high-sensitivity magnetoencephalography (MEG) without cryogenics.
  • Flexible sensor placement and zero-contact measurement are key advantages of OPMs.
  • Evaluating OPMs for capturing movement-related beta-band modulation is crucial for clinical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess a 16-channel OPM array's ability to detect movement-related beta-band modulation (ERD/ERS).
  • To compare OPM-based MEG with traditional SQUID-based MEG in healthy participants.
  • To explore the feasibility of OPM-based MEG in a patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).

Main Methods:

  • MEG recordings using a 16-channel OPM array and a 306-channel SQUID system.
  • Visually cued active and passive finger movements were performed.
  • Time-frequency analysis focused on beta-band activity (ERD/ERS).

Main Results:

  • Both OPM and SQUID systems successfully captured movement-related beta oscillations in healthy participants.
  • No significant differences were found between active and passive movements or between OPM and SQUID systems in controls.
  • OPM data in the ALS patient showed attenuated responses and more artifacts, limiting interpretability.

Conclusions:

  • A compact OPM array can reliably measure movement-related cortical beta activity, comparable to SQUID-based MEG in healthy individuals.
  • OPMs present a viable, potentially cost-effective alternative to cryogenic MEG systems.
  • Further studies with larger ALS cohorts are needed to establish OPM reliability and clinical utility in neurodegenerative diseases.