Adolescent Crohn's disease: A nursing case report

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Gastroenterology
• Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research
• Nursing Care Strategies

Background:

• Crohn disease (CD) is a growing global health concern requiring comprehensive management.
• Effective nursing care is vital for treatment adherence and managing complex therapies like biologics and exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN).
• Limited documentation exists on nursing-led strategies for therapy adherence and transitions in home-care settings for pediatric CD.

Purpose of the Study:

• To highlight the critical role of individualized nursing interventions in managing complex pediatric Crohn disease.
• To demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of integrating biologic therapy with EEN under nursing supervision.
• To emphasize a holistic nursing approach addressing physical and psychological needs in pediatric CD.

Main Methods:

• A case study of an adolescent diagnosed with Crohn disease (CD) following perianal abscess surgery.
• Implementation of critical nursing care including biologic agent management, nutritional support (EEN), pain control, psychological support, and home health guidance.
• Monitoring of patient's clinical condition, adherence to EEN, and transition to a normal diet.

Main Results:

• The patient achieved clinical remission, with resolved symptoms (fever, abdominal pain) and improved inflammatory markers.
• Significant weight gain (3 kg) was observed, indicating improved nutritional status.
• Successful adherence to prolonged out-of-hospital EEN and a seamless transition to a regular diet were achieved.

Conclusions:

• Individualized and sustained nursing care is crucial for improving clinical and psychological outcomes in adolescents with complex CD.
• Integrating biologic treatment with EEN under close nursing supervision is a feasible and effective strategy.
• A holistic nursing approach is recommended for pediatric CD patients, addressing both physical and emotional well-being.