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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 9, 2026

Lipid Droplet Isolation for Quantitative Mass Spectrometry Analysis
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Reverse Lipid Droplet Function for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Immunotherapy.

Xuechao Cai1,2,3, Li Zhang1,4, Ruicheng Shi2

  • 1Institute of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, P. R. China.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|December 2, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Researchers reversed lipid droplet (LD) function for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) immunotherapy. This novel strategy disrupts tumor growth and reshapes the tumor microenvironment, offering a new approach for treating metastatic cancers.

Keywords:
Hepatocellular carcinomaImmunotherapyLipid dropletOrganelle crosstalk

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Nanotechnology
  • Immunotherapy

Background:

  • Lipid droplets (LDs) play a crucial role in tumor progression and immune evasion.
  • Targeting LDs directly for cancer therapy remains a significant challenge.
  • A correlation exists between LD-related proteins and poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel strategy to reverse LD function for HCC immunotherapy.
  • To investigate the potential of LD-organelle networks as immunotherapy targets.
  • To explore a new approach for treating metastatic tumors through organelle-level metabolic disruption.

Main Methods:

  • Engineered F127-modified, linoleic acid (LA)-capped copper MOF nanoparticles (LCMF NPs).
  • Utilized CD36 receptor-mediated endocytosis for NP internalization into LDs.
  • Leveraged copper ions and Fenton reaction to catalyze LA peroxidation, reversing LD function.

Main Results:

  • LCMF NPs induced oxidative damage within LDs, triggering DNA damage.
  • Upregulated key immunogenic cell death markers (HMGB1, calreticulin).
  • In vivo studies demonstrated reshaping of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and inhibition of primary and distant tumor growth.

Conclusions:

  • Reversing LD function is a viable immunotherapy strategy for HCC.
  • LD-organelle networks can be targeted for cancer treatment.
  • This approach shows promise for treating metastatic tumors via metabolic disruption.