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Related Concept Videos

¹H NMR: Long-Range Coupling01:27

¹H NMR: Long-Range Coupling

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The coupling interactions of nuclei across four or more bonds are usually weak, with J values less than 1 Hz. While these are usually not observed in spectra, the presence of multiple bonds along the coupling pathway can result in observable long-range coupling.
In alkenes, spin information is communicated via σ–π overlap, as seen in allylic (four-bond) and homoallylic (five-bond) couplings. These coupling interactions are stronger when the σ bond is parallel to the alkene...
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NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling01:08

NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling

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The spin state of an NMR-active nucleus can have a slight effect on its immediate electronic environment. This effect propagates through the intervening bonds and affects the electronic environments of NMR-active nuclei up to three bonds away; occasionally, even farther. This phenomenon is called spin–spin coupling or J-coupling. Coupling interactions are mutual and result in small changes in the absorption frequencies of both nuclei involved. While nuclei of the same element are involved...
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¹³C NMR: ¹H–¹³C Decoupling01:04

¹³C NMR: ¹H–¹³C Decoupling

1.7K
The probability of having two carbon-13 atoms next to each other is negligible because of the low natural abundance of carbon-13. Consequently, peak splitting due to carbon-carbon spin-spin coupling is not observed in spectra. However, protons up to three sigma bonds away split the carbon signal according to the n+1 rule, resulting in complicated spectra.
A broadband decoupling technique is used to simplify these complex, sometimes overlapping, signals. Broadband decoupling relies on a...
1.7K
Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview01:08

Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview

1.4K
In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
Qualitatively, any spin plus-half nucleus polarizes the spins of its electrons to the minus-half state. Consequently, the paired electron in the hydrogen–carbon bond must...
1.4K
¹H NMR Signal Multiplicity: Splitting Patterns01:13

¹H NMR Signal Multiplicity: Splitting Patterns

6.5K
When protons A and X are coupled, their nuclear spin energy levels are slightly modified. This is because the energy required to excite proton A to a spin state parallel to proton X is slightly different from the energy required for it to become anti-parallel to spin X. Consequently, there are two possible excitation frequencies for A (A1 and A2), depending on the spin state of X, and vice versa. The mutual nature of coupling implies that the difference between frequencies A1 and A2, indicated...
6.5K
Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling01:17

Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling

1.4K
Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...
1.4K

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Orthogonal Magnon-Phonon Coupling Enables Information Encoding in Bulk CrSBr.

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Researchers demonstrated energy-efficient wave-based logic using orthogonal magnon-phonon coupling in CrSBr. This approach encodes binary data using distinct magnetic excitations, paving the way for advanced computing technologies.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Quantum Information Science

Background:

  • Orthogonal coupling of magnons and phonons in layered magnets offers a novel pathway for energy-efficient information processing.
  • Ultrafast spectroscopy is a key technique for probing dynamic spin and lattice interactions in magnetic materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the fundamental mechanisms of magnon-phonon coupling in the layered magnet CrSBr.
  • To demonstrate the feasibility of using these coupled excitations for polarization-multiplexed binary logic operations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized polarization-controlled ultrafast spectroscopy to excite and detect magnons and coherent acoustic phonons (CAPs).
  • Analyzed the spatial propagation directions and frequencies of magnons (b-axis, ~24 GHz) and CAPs (a-axis, 18.1 GHz).
  • Investigated magnetic-field-tunable magnetoelastic coupling strengths up to 1.5 GHz.

Main Results:

  • Identified spatially separated magnons and CAPs propagating along orthogonal axes in CrSBr.
  • Achieved successful polarization-multiplexed binary logic encoding by selectively activating magnons for logic "1" and phonons for logic "0".
  • Demonstrated practical applicability through the encoding and retrieval of alphabetic characters.

Conclusions:

  • Orthogonal magnon-phonon coupling in CrSBr provides a robust platform for developing wave-based logic devices.
  • This research lays the groundwork for energy-efficient computing and quantum information processing technologies.
  • The findings highlight the potential of layered magnets for next-generation electronic applications.