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Related Concept Videos

Drugs for Peptic Ulcer Disease: Prostaglandin Analogs as Mucosal Protective Agents01:20

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Upon diagnosis, managing Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) involves addressing several crucial aspects. The primary goals include resting the bowel, correcting malnutrition, and providing symptomatic relief. Resting the bowel may consist of medications to reduce inflammation and promote healing. Correcting malnutrition is essential, often requiring dietary adjustments and nutritional supplements. Symptomatic relief aims to ease pain, diarrhea, and other discomforts in IBD.
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Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

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Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
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Neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors are distributed across the GI tract, vagal afferents, and key CNS regions including the central vomiting center and chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) Chemotherapy agents stimulate enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to release large amounts of substance P (SP). SP is a neuropeptide released by specific sensory nerves in response to many different stressors, including those in the GI mucosa affected by chemotherapy.  SP binds and activates...
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Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Recombinant Molecules as a New Frontier in Mucositis Therapy.

Luís Cláudio Lima de Jesus1, Rhayane Cristina Viegas Santos2, Vasco Azevedo3

  • 1Department of Genetics, Ecology and Evolution, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. luiislimma@gmail.com.

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Genetically engineered bacteria offer a novel approach to treating mucositis by delivering therapeutic molecules directly to inflamed sites. Further research is needed to overcome limitations and achieve clinical success for this promising biotherapeutic strategy.

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Mucositis, a debilitating side effect of chemoradiotherapy, significantly impacts patient quality of life.
  • Current symptomatic treatments for mucositis lack a gold-standard therapeutic protocol.
  • Advances in biotechnology enable the development of genetically engineered probiotics for targeted therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review recombinant molecules as a biotherapeutic option for chemoradiotherapy-induced mucosal inflammation.
  • To highlight the function of genetically modified bacteria as living drug delivery platforms.
  • To discuss limitations and future challenges in the clinical application of these biotherapeutics.

Main Methods:

  • Review of scientific literature on recombinant biotherapeutics for mucositis.
  • Focus on genetically engineered bacteria producing or delivering therapeutic molecules.
  • Analysis of therapeutic molecules including antimicrobial peptides, antioxidant enzymes, growth factors, and interleukin receptor antagonists.

Main Results:

  • Genetically modified bacteria can serve as platforms for delivering therapeutic molecules to inflamed mucosal sites.
  • Several recombinant biotherapeutics have shown promise in preclinical models.
  • No recombinant biotherapeutic products have yet been commercially approved for human mucositis therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Recombinant molecules delivered by genetically engineered bacteria represent an innovative biotherapeutic strategy for mucositis.
  • Key limitations such as biosafety, gene expression control, and gut protection must be addressed.
  • Overcoming these challenges is crucial for the future clinical success of bacterial-based mucositis therapies.