The role of digital and algorithm-based alert systems in policing mental health crises: a scoping review

This scoping review explores how police and health care use digital and algorithm-based alert systems to flag individuals with mental illness. Eight studies were included, covering both police systems and health care-initiated systems to alert law enforcement.

The findings suggest that digital and algorithm-based alert systems can support decision-making and improve police interactions with individuals experiencing mental health issues. However, in health care settings the systems are motivated by workplace safety concerns and in policing from an efficiency perspective, stressing collaborative crisis response between police and health care services. Additionally, information sharing and collaboration between police and health care services benefit from such technology. However, the use of these systems also raises ethical concerns and risks of potential stigmatization.

The review highlights the importance of balancing efficiency and ethical consideration when implementing digital and algorithm-based alert systems in mental-health related policing. Thereto forthcoming studies need to consider if and how frontline policing will benefit from digital and algorithm-based alert systems.