Shilajit-analytical study to understand the phyto complex present in shilajit raw material, extract and resin by...

Shilajit is an astonishing sticky tar-like resinous substance obtained from the rocks of mountains at higher altitudes. In Ayurveda, shilajit is known for its rejuvenating and adaptogenic properties, mainly due to the presence of bioactive markers like fulvic acid, hippuric acid, urolithin A. The current study aimed to develop high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for quantification of these markers. Both qualitative and quantitative analysis was performed on shilajit samples. The chromatographic separation was achieved on YMC-Triart C18 column using 0.1 % orthophosphoric acid (OPA) in water as mobile phase A and acetonitrile as mobile phase B. The flow rate was maintained at 1mL/min. Furthermore, high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) methods were developed to identify and confirm the mass of bioactive markers. Gravimetric analysis was performed for the quantification of total fulvic acid content present in shilajit sample. Shilajit is known to be rich in wide range of minerals and trace elements. To investigate that, 14 elements were quantified using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The minerals present in shilajit helps in its vitality and may improve nutrient absorption. The developed method resulted in good resolution of targeted compounds and will help in routine quality control and biomarker analysis. The research highlights the chemical complexity of shilajit, emphasizing its dual pharmacological significance through both organic phytochemicals and mineral content. The findings provide a foundation for reliable profiling and safety assessment, paving the way for future pharmaceutical applications of Shilajit.