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"Cocktail-style" probiotic co-delivery system a multi-component strategy to overcome gastrointestinal challenges.

Xinyue Wang1, Yiyan Liu1, Rui Zhao1

  • 1College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Food Nutrition and Active Health, Tai'an, 271018, PR China.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
|December 2, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study developed a multi-component probiotic delivery system using calcium carbonate and other materials to protect Bifidobacterium (Bif) in the gut. The system enhances probiotic survival and promotes gut microbiota balance for improved intestinal health.

Keywords:
Gastrointestinal deliveryNutritional supportPhysical barriersProbioticspH-responsive

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Microbiology
  • Drug Delivery Systems

Background:

  • Current probiotic encapsulation methods struggle with the gastrointestinal tract's dynamic environment.
  • A multi-component delivery system is needed to enhance probiotic survival and efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel multi-component oral delivery system for probiotics.
  • To improve the stability and targeted delivery of Bifidobacterium (Bif) in the gastrointestinal tract.

Main Methods:

  • Constructed a core of carboxymethyl gellan gum (CMGG)/pectin (CP) microspheres loaded with Bifidobacterium (Bif).
  • Sequentially coated the core with pectin, sodium alginate (SA) using chitosan (CS), and a calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) outer layer.
  • Investigated the system's protective capabilities, pH-responsiveness, and prebiotic effects.

Main Results:

  • The CaCO₃ layer provided physical protection and neutralized gastric acid.
  • The pH-responsive SA layer facilitated intestinal release, while CP and CS layers enhanced stability and colon targeting.
  • The CMGG/CP core acted as a prebiotic, supporting Bifidobacterium growth and creating a self-sustaining system.
  • Carboxymethylation of CMGG improved mucosal adhesion and inflammation targeting, aiding Bif colonization.

Conclusions:

  • The multi-component delivery system significantly enhances probiotic stability and targeted colonization.
  • The system effectively restores gut microbiota balance and improves intestinal health.
  • This approach offers a promising strategy for oral probiotic delivery.