Improving Parents' Emotional Well-Being in NICU: A Scoping Review

Area of Science:

• Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) care
• Parental mental health and well-being
• Evidence-based interventions

Background:

• Parents in the NICU experience significant stress, anxiety, and isolation.
• These challenges negatively impact parental mental health and infant care involvement.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review and compare recent evidence on interventions for parents in the NICU.
• The goal is to identify strategies that improve parents' emotional state.

Main Methods:

• A comprehensive scoping review was performed using Arksey and O'Malley methodology and PRISMA-ScR guidelines.
• Studies were searched in PubMed, CINAHL Plus, and Scopus from 2022-2024.
• Quality assessment utilized CASP and JBI tools for various study designs.

Main Results:

• Twenty-seven studies, primarily RCTs, quasi-experimental, and qualitative, were included.
• Low-complexity, family-centered interventions, alternative therapies, and communication strategies proved effective.
• These interventions improved emotional health, family well-being, parental self-efficacy, cohesion, and NICU adaptation.

Conclusions:

• Addressing family emotional health during NICU stays is crucial.
• Individualized interventions combining psychological support, education, and communication are key.
• Involving the entire family enhances emotional well-being and coping mechanisms.