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Updated: Jan 9, 2026

Author Spotlight: Enhancement of Salient Object Detection for Smart Grid Applications
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Author Spotlight: Enhancement of Salient Object Detection for Smart Grid Applications

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Mitigating distributed denial of service attacks using attribute subset selection with temporal convolutional

Hayam Alamro1, Asmaa Mansour Alghamdi2, Asma Alshuhail3

  • 1Department of Information Systems, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia.

Scientific Reports
|December 2, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new Intelligent Framework for Attack Detection Using Salp Swarm-Based Feature Selection and Deep Learning Architecture (IFAD-SSFSDLA) to combat Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks. The novel model achieves high accuracy in real-time DDoS attack detection.

Keywords:
DDoS attack detectionData pre-processingDeep learningSalp swarm algorithmTemporal convolutional network

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Area of Science:

  • Cybersecurity
  • Network Security
  • Artificial Intelligence

Background:

  • Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks pose a significant and evolving threat to network infrastructure and services.
  • Existing methods struggle with the dynamic patterns and complexity of modern DDoS attacks, necessitating advanced detection techniques.
  • Real-time identification and mitigation of DDoS threats are crucial to prevent service disruptions and data breaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel Intelligent Framework for Attack Detection Using Salp Swarm-Based Feature Selection and Deep Learning Architecture (IFAD-SSFSDLA) for real-time DDoS attack detection.
  • To enhance the accuracy and efficiency of DDoS attack detection through optimized feature selection and deep learning.
  • To provide a robust solution for identifying and mitigating the impact of increasingly sophisticated DDoS attacks.

Main Methods:

  • Data preprocessing using min-max normalization for cleaning and structuring raw network traffic data.
  • Feature selection employing the Salp Swarm Algorithm (SSA) to identify and retain the most discriminative features for improved model performance.
  • Attack classification utilizing the Temporal Convolutional Network (TCN) deep learning architecture.

Main Results:

  • The IFAD-SSFSDLA model demonstrated superior performance in detecting DDoS attacks.
  • Achieved high accuracy rates of 99.56% on the CIC-IDS-2017 dataset and 99.65% on the Edge-IIoT dataset.
  • Outperformed existing techniques in DDoS attack detection accuracy across multiple datasets.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed IFAD-SSFSDLA model offers an effective and accurate solution for real-time DDoS attack detection.
  • The integration of Salp Swarm Algorithm for feature selection and Temporal Convolutional Network for classification significantly enhances detection capabilities.
  • This framework provides a valuable advancement in cybersecurity for combating prevalent and evolving network threats.