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Effect of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A

Yizhu Chen1,2,3, Yufei Tang1,2,3, Rui Yue1,2,3

  • 1Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.

Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews
|December 2, 2025
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) improve glycemic control and reduce weight in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). This therapy also benefits cardiometabolic risk factors, offering valuable clinical insights.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Diseases

Background:

  • Cardiovascular benefits of GLP-1RAs are known in type 2 diabetes, but effects in type 1 diabetes are less clear.
  • Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) management requires addressing cardiometabolic risk factors alongside glycemic control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of GLP-1RAs as adjunctive therapy on cardiometabolic risk factors in patients with T1DM.
  • To synthesize evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on GLP-1RA use in T1DM.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs was performed using PRISMA 2020 guidelines.
  • Searches were conducted across major databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science) up to August 30, 2025.
  • Included RCTs compared GLP-1 receptor agonists with placebo or standard insulin therapy in T1DM patients.

Main Results:

  • 21 RCTs with 3417 patients evaluated five GLP-1RAs.
  • GLP-1RAs significantly reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and CRP.
  • Significant reductions in HbA1c, body weight, and BMI were observed, alongside increased heart rate.

Conclusions:

  • GLP-1RAs as adjuvant therapy for T1DM offer benefits beyond glycemic control and weight loss.
  • This therapy improves key cardiometabolic risk factors, aiding clinical decision-making.
  • GLP-1RAs represent a promising adjunctive treatment for managing T1DM and its associated risks.
Keywords:
cardiometabolic risk factorsglucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonistsinflammatory factorslipid metabolismtype 1 diabetes

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