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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

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Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

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Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction01:17

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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathophysiology is intricate and multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of physiological processes. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effectively managing and treating COPD. Here is an in-depth look at the critical elements in the pathophysiology of COPD:
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T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

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When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
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Isolation, Processing and Analysis of Murine Gingival Cells
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Dysbiosis-Mediated Inflammation: A Pathophysiological Link Between Rheumatoid Arthritis and Periodontitis.

Isabel Lopez-Oliva1, Iain L Chapple2,3,4, Akshay Paropkari5

  • 1Institute of Dentistry, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.

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Rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis share a mutualistic inflammatory link. Periodontal therapy improved rheumatoid arthritis symptoms by restoring oral microbial balance.

Keywords:
cyberneticsdysbiosisinflammationpathophysiologyperiodontitisrheumatoid arthritis

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Area of Science:

  • Oral microbiology
  • Immunology
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and periodontitis (PD) are chronic inflammatory conditions.
  • A potential link exists between RA and PD mediated by microbial dysbiosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanistic relationship between RA and PD.
  • To explore the role of subgingival microbial dysbiosis in inflammation.

Main Methods:

  • Analyzed subgingival plaque from RA/PD patients and controls using 16S-amplicon sequencing.
  • Measured cytokines, serum antibodies to oral pathogens, and systemic inflammatory markers.
  • Assessed the impact of periodontal therapy (PMPR) on RA patients.

Main Results:

  • Subgingival microbial dysbiosis was present in RA, PD, and combined RA/PD groups.
  • Periodontal therapy (PMPR) restored microbial homeostasis and reduced RA activity.
  • Decreased serum antibodies and RA markers were observed post-PMPR.

Conclusions:

  • RA and PD exert a mutualistic influence, with RA-induced dysbiosis leading to PD.
  • Periodontitis exacerbates systemic inflammation, worsening RA.
  • Non-surgical periodontal therapy can improve RA outcomes.