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Brain Imaging

Brain Imaging

Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic...

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Identification of Disease-related Spatial Covariance Patterns using Neuroimaging Data

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Longitudinal Surface-Based Morphometry Reveals Potential MRI Biomarkers Correlated with Multidimensional Brain Health

Robyn A Honea¹, Ankit Patel¹, William Guiler¹

¹University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center.

Research Square

|December 3, 2025

Summary

Brain Health Index (BHI) improvements correlate with specific brain structure changes, identified using MRI. These neuroanatomical biomarkers, including fractal dimension and gyrification index, show sex-specific patterns, aiding brain health tracking.

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Published on: July 24, 2010

Area of Science:

Neuroimaging
Neuroscience
Biomarkers

Background:

Brain health assessment requires reliable structural and neuroanatomical biomarkers.
The Brain Health Index (BHI) is a multidimensional measure of cognition, emotional well-being, and social connectedness.

Purpose of the Study:

To discover MRI-based biomarkers for the Brain Health Index (BHI).
To assess the feasibility of these biomarkers for indicating brain health improvement.

Main Methods:

Longitudinal surface-based morphometry was used in 210 healthy adults (aged 20-70) over four years.
Analyses quantified changes in cortical volume, thickness, sulcal depth (SD), gyrification index (GI), and fractal dimension (FD).
Vertex-wise regressions tested associations between BHI and morphometric features, controlling for covariates.

Main Results:

Baseline BHI predicted increased FD in males (left inferior parietal cortex).
BHI gains correlated with increased GI (left insula, posterior cingulate) in the whole group.
BHI improvements showed sex-specific associations: increased SD in females (left precuneus, middle temporal, right cingulate) and increased GI in males (left insula, temporal cortices).

Conclusions:

Fractal dimension (FD), gyrification index (GI), and sulcal depth (SD) are potential MRI biomarkers for tracking brain health.
Neuroanatomical associations with BHI improvements exhibit sex-specific patterns, particularly in the insula and precuneus.