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Related Concept Videos

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists01:27

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists

576
5-HT3 receptor antagonists, such as dolasetron, granisetron (Kytril), ondansetron (Zofran), and palonosetron (Axoli), are crucial in managing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) and postoperative nausea. These drugs selectively block 5-HT3 receptors in the visceral vagal and spinal afferent nerves, chemoreceptor trigger zone, and the vomiting center. They have a rapid onset of action and can be given as a single dose before chemotherapy. Ondansetron and granisetron, in particular,...
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Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists01:28

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists

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Neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors are distributed across the GI tract, vagal afferents, and key CNS regions including the central vomiting center and chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) Chemotherapy agents stimulate enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to release large amounts of substance P (SP). SP is a neuropeptide released by specific sensory nerves in response to many different stressors, including those in the GI mucosa affected by chemotherapy.  SP binds and activates...
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Chemoembolization using streptozotocin versus embolization in metastatic NETs.

Anne-Laure Védie1, Francesco Matteini2,3, Jérôme Cros4

  • 1Université Paris-Cité, Department of Pancreatology and Digestive Oncology, Beaujon Hospital (APHP.Nord), Clichy, France.

Endocrine-Related Cancer
|December 3, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) with streptozotocin (STZ) shows higher response rates than transarterial embolization (TAE) for neuroendocrine tumors with liver metastases. Low alkylpurine-DNA-N-glycosylase (APNG) expression may predict TACE efficacy.

Keywords:
biomarkersliver metastasesneuroendocrine tumorsstreptozotocintransarterial chemoembolization

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Interventional Radiology

Background:

  • Locoregional therapies are standard for neuroendocrine tumors (NET) with liver metastases.
  • Efficacy of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) with streptozotocin (STZ) versus transarterial embolization (TAE) and predictive biomarkers are underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the efficacy of TACE-STZ versus TAE in patients with pancreatic (panNET) or small intestine (siNET) NET and liver metastases.
  • To explore predictive biomarkers for TACE-STZ efficacy.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 116 patients treated between 2006-2022 with TACE-STZ or TAE.
  • Objective response rate (ORR) per RECIST 1.1 was the primary endpoint.
  • Propensity score analysis and tumor biomarker expression (MGMT, APNG, CAIX) were evaluated.

Main Results:

  • TACE-STZ demonstrated a significantly higher ORR (43% vs 22%, P=0.045) than TAE.
  • TACE-STZ improved progression-free survival (PFS) in panNET (12.9 vs 6.4 months, P=0.026) but not siNET patients.
  • Low APNG expression predicted higher ORR with TACE-STZ (70% vs 16%, P<0.001).

Conclusions:

  • TACE-STZ is more effective than TAE in terms of response rate for NET with liver metastases.
  • TACE-STZ offers a PFS benefit primarily in panNET patients.
  • Low APNG expression may identify patients who could benefit from TACE-STZ therapy.