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Fatigue Performance and Failure Loads of Composition-Gradient Multilayer Zirconia: Partial-Coverage Restorations
F A Spitznagel1, A Marksteiner1, L S Prott1,2
1Department of Prosthodontics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Summary
Composition-gradient multilayer zirconia restorations showed high fatigue resistance. Ultrathin partial-coverage restorations (PCRs) had higher failure loads than crowns, while both types are viable at greater thicknesses.
Area of Science:
- Dental Materials Science
- Biomaterials Engineering
- Restorative Dentistry
Background:
- Monolithic zirconia restorations are increasingly used in dentistry.
- Understanding the mechanical behavior of different zirconia formulations and designs is crucial for clinical success.
- Composition-gradient multilayer zirconia offers potential advantages in mechanical properties.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the fatigue resistance and failure load of monolithic composition-gradient multilayer zirconia restorations.
- To compare the influence of restoration type (partial-coverage vs. crown) and ceramic thickness on mechanical performance.
- To assess the suitability of these restorations for clinical application.
Main Methods:
- Seventy-two CAD/CAM-fabricated zirconia restorations were tested.
- Restorations were categorized by type (partial-coverage restoration [PCR] or crown [C]) and ceramic thickness (0.5, 1.0, or 1.5 mm).
- Specimens underwent thermomechanical fatigue followed by single load to failure testing.
Main Results:
- All specimens survived fatigue, with a 97.22% overall success rate.
- Ultrathin (0.5 mm) PCRs exhibited significantly higher failure loads than ultrathin crowns.
- At 1.5 mm thickness, crowns showed higher failure loads than PCRs, while no significant difference was found at 1.0 mm.
Conclusions:
- Ultrathin (0.5 mm) partial-coverage zirconia restorations demonstrate superior failure loads compared to crowns.
- Both partial-coverage restorations and crowns are mechanically viable at thicknesses of 1.0 mm and 1.5 mm.
- Composition-gradient multilayer zirconia is suitable for minimally invasive PCR molar restorations, with a minimum thickness of 1.0 mm recommended for single crowns.
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