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Developments in nitrous oxide capture technologies: bridging current research to clinical applications.

Simon Molisso1,2, Ashleigh M Chester1,2, Elmira Baghdaran3

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, London, UK.

Anaesthesia
|December 3, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Nitrous oxide capture technologies are needed for anesthesia, especially in maternity wards. Metal-organic frameworks show promise for reducing environmental impact and improving staff safety.

Keywords:
maternity wardsmetal–organic frameworksnitrous oxidevolatile anaesthetic gasesvolatile capture technology

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Anesthesiology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Inhaled anesthetics are greenhouse gases, with nitrous oxide (N2O) posing unique challenges in labor analgesia.
  • Current N2O scavenging systems are lacking in maternity wards, leading to environmental emissions and occupational exposure.
  • Limited alternatives and underutilization of destruction technologies necessitate N2O capture solutions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent literature on nitrous oxide (N2O) adsorbents for potential anesthetic applications.
  • To identify suitable capture technologies for N2O emissions in clinical settings, particularly maternity analgesia.
  • To explore strategies for mitigating environmental and occupational risks associated with N2O use.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted a literature search focusing on N2O uptake adsorbents published within the last five years.
  • Screened articles by abstract review to ensure relevance to N2O capture technologies.
  • Examined strategies from various industries for N2O capture relevant to clinical settings.

Main Results:

  • Identified activated charcoals, zeolites, and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as key adsorbent classes for N2O capture.
  • Highlighted the properties and drawbacks of different adsorbent materials.
  • Synthesized findings from diverse industrial N2O capture applications for maternity analgesia.

Conclusions:

  • Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a highly promising class of porous adsorbents for N2O capture in anesthesia.
  • The tuneability of MOFs offers significant potential for clinical applications and achieving 'net zero' targets.
  • Further development of MOF-based capture technologies can improve safety outcomes and environmental sustainability.