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Microorganisms play a pivotal role in maintaining ecosystem balance by recycling essential elements such as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, as well as supporting processes like bioremediation, wastewater treatment, and biofuel production.Microbes in Elemental CyclesIn the carbon cycle, microorganisms decompose organic matter, releasing carbon dioxide via aerobic respiration. This carbon dioxide is subsequently used by photosynthetic organisms to synthesize organic compounds, closing the...
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Radiation and filtration are essential tools for microbial control, targeting microorganisms through distinct mechanisms. Radiation eliminates microbes by damaging their DNA, either killing them or inhibiting their growth. Based on wavelength, radiation is classified into two types: nonionizing and ionizing radiation.Non-ionizing radiation, such as UV radiation (200–400 nm), is absorbed by DNA, causing defects that effectively disinfect surfaces, air, and water, including safety cabinets.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 9, 2026

Forming Micro-and Nano-Plastics from Agricultural Plastic Films for Employment in Fundamental Research Studies
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Advances in microplastic mitigation: current progress and future directions.

Vivek Kumar Gaur1, Yashika Raheja2,3, Prachi Gaur4

  • 1Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India. vivekgaur9864@gmail.com.

Archives of Microbiology
|December 3, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers are exploring biotechnology and machine learning to combat microplastic pollution. This review synthesizes advances in microbial degradation, enzymatic upcycling, and AI monitoring to create a roadmap for scalable solutions to the global microplastic crisis.

Keywords:
BioremediationMachine learningMeta-omicsMetabolic engineeringMicroplastic pollutionPlastic-degrading enzymes

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Biotechnology
  • Artificial Intelligence

Background:

  • Microplastics pose significant threats to ecosystems and human health by transporting toxins and disrupting biological cycles.
  • Current biotechnological remediation strategies for microplastics are fragmented and mostly at the proof-of-concept stage.
  • While meta-omics and metabolic engineering show promise, their application to diverse polymers and field conditions is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically synthesize interdisciplinary advances in microplastic remediation.
  • To identify persistent bottlenecks in current biotechnological and AI-driven approaches.
  • To propose a unified roadmap for scalable, sustainable microplastic mitigation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent high-throughput meta-omics data.
  • Analysis of metabolic engineering platforms for biofilm capture and enzymatic upcycling.
  • Exploration of machine learning applications for microplastic degradation strategies.
  • Synthesis of AI-driven monitoring techniques.

Main Results:

  • Identification of diverse plastisphere-associated enzymes.
  • Demonstration of programmable biofilm traps and enzymatic upcycling of PET.
  • Emergence of machine learning as a key tool for discovering degradation strategies.
  • Recognition of limited translation of lab-scale technologies to diverse polymers and field applications.

Conclusions:

  • A unified roadmap integrating microbial, enzymatic, and AI approaches is needed for effective microplastic remediation.
  • Bridging interdisciplinary domains is crucial for accelerating the translation of research into industrial-scale solutions.
  • Future research should prioritize scalable, sustainable biotechnology-driven solutions to address the global microplastic crisis.