Exploring Whole-Brain Dynamics of epileptic Networks During tDCS Using Neural Mass Modeling

Epilepsy results from excessive neuronal activity, often due to an imbalanced excitation/inhibition level within brain networks. Delivering low-intensity electrical currents through scalp electrodes, using transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) can modulate the membrane potential of cortical neurons and may potentially restore the balance of excitability in epileptogenic networks. However, optimizing the efficacy of tDCS to decrease the frequency of seizures requires a better understanding of tDCS impact on brain dynamics at both local and network levels. The aim of this study is to develop a pipeline integrating finite element method (FEM) modeling of tDCS electric fields and neural mass models, and to evaluate the effects of these weak electric fields on the activity of epileptogenic networks. More precisely, we investigate how tDCS modulates brain activity and seizure propensity in a physiologically plausible epileptic brain model. Results show changes in network connectivity and a decrease in the epileptiform activity of the propagation zones post-stimulation.Clinical Relevance- Bridging field simulations with network-level dynamics offers insights into the mechanisms of tDCS and its potential optimization as a therapeutic tool for epilepsy.