Using MMG to Assist Functional Classification in Wheelchair Rugby Athletes

Functional classification in wheelchair rugby relies on accurate muscle function assessment, but current methods still remain subjective. This study examined wrist muscle activation in wheelchair rugby athletes and able-bodied individuals using mechanomyography (MMG), a non-invasive technique for assessing muscle vibrations. MMG signals were collected from 84 athletes and 20 able-bodied volunteers during wrist flexion, extension, radial, and ulnar deviation. Data were analyzed in time (RMS) and frequency (MF) domains to identify activation differences. The results have shown significant variations between functional classes and controls (p < 0.05), particularly along the Z-axis, suggesting distinct neuromuscular adaptations. Athletes with greater impairment exhibited altered recruitment patterns, while those in higher functional classes exhibited more stable muscle responses. These findings support MMG's potential as an objective tool for functional classification in adapted sports, though further research is needed to refine its application.