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Neural correlates of laparoscopic training: a preliminary study.

Alice Maria Catalano, Ludovico Sanna, Mara Coduri

Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference

|December 3, 2025

Summary

This study used electroencephalography (EEG) to analyze brain activity during laparoscopic surgery training. Results show distinct brain patterns related to hand choice and learning, offering insights for optimizing surgical education.

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Area of Science:

Neurosurgery
Surgical Education
Cognitive Neuroscience

Background:

Minimally invasive surgery demands advanced skills like hand-eye coordination and depth perception, necessitating rigorous training.
Current laparoscopic training methods lack objective metrics for skill acquisition and performance assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the electrophysiological (EEG) correlates of laparoscopic surgery training.
To explore how brain activity changes with practice in a simulated surgical task.
To lay the groundwork for integrating EEG into objective surgical training assessments.

Main Methods:

Sixteen novice participants performed a simulated laparoscopic hand-eye coordination task using sensorized tools.
High-density EEG was recorded from nine participants during the task.
Analysis focused on theta, alpha, and beta frequency band oscillations.

Main Results:

Hand selection for task execution correlated with specific theta power differences during movement preparation.
Practice-related changes in theta and beta oscillations were observed in frontal and right parietal brain regions, especially with altered movement directions.
These findings suggest distinct neural processes underlying skill learning in simulated laparoscopy.

Conclusions:

EEG can reveal neural mechanisms associated with learning and skill acquisition in laparoscopic surgery.
Objective EEG-based metrics could enhance surgical training by providing quantifiable feedback on trainee performance.
This pilot study supports the future development of EEG-integrated systems for optimizing surgical education.