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Simulated Flow-Induced Deformation of Homogeneous Adherent Cell.

Ema Huscavova, Tomas Vicar, Jaromir Gumulec

    Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference
    |December 3, 2025
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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    We developed a fluid-structure interaction (FSI) model to simulate cell deformation under flow. One-way coupling offers a computationally efficient alternative to two-way coupling for analyzing cell mechanics.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cellular mechanics and biophysics
    • Computational modeling and simulation
    • Microfluidics and cell-based assays

    Background:

    • Cell mechanical properties are crucial for understanding cell function and disease.
    • Simulating cell behavior under flow requires accurate modeling of fluid-structure interactions (FSI).
    • Quantitative Phase Imaging (QPI) provides essential data for realistic cell morphology in simulations.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and validate a fluid-structure interaction (FSI) model for simulating homogeneous adherent cell deformation in shear flow.
    • To compare one-way and two-way coupling schemes in FSI simulations of cell mechanics.
    • To assess the trade-offs between accuracy and computational cost for different coupling approaches.

    Main Methods:

    • Developed an FSI model using OpenFOAM (finite volume) for fluid dynamics and FEniCS (finite element) for structural analysis.
    • Coupled fluid and solid domains using the preCICE library.
    • Incorporated experimental data from Quantitative Phase Imaging (QPI) for realistic cell morphology.
    • Compared one-way (data transfer without feedback) and two-way (bidirectional data exchange) coupling schemes.

    Main Results:

    • One-way coupling can approximate two-way coupling results with a slightly increased elastic modulus.
    • One-way coupling significantly reduces computational complexity and model simplification.
    • The developed FSI model enables realistic simulation of cell deformation under shear flow.

    Conclusions:

    • One-way coupling is an optimal and computationally efficient approach for high-throughput analysis of cell mechanics data.
    • Reliable FSI simulations are vital for advancing cell-based assays.
    • This work lays the foundation for more complex models including viscoelasticity and active cellular components.