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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 9, 2026

Brain Infarct Segmentation and Registration on MRI or CT for Lesion-symptom Mapping

Brain Infarct Segmentation and Registration on MRI or CT for Lesion-symptom Mapping

Published on: September 25, 2019

Covert brain infarctions: an illustrative teaching series.

Michail Panagiotis Giannakakis^1,2, Vasileios Tentolouris Piperas^1,2, Adnan Mujanovic^2,3

¹Neurology, Inselspital University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

BMJ Case Reports

|December 3, 2025

Summary

Covert cerebrovascular disease (CCD) involves brain damage without obvious symptoms, posing significant global health risks. This case series highlights the need for individualized diagnostic and treatment approaches for this under-defined condition.

Keywords:

Neuroimaging Stroke

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Area of Science:

Neurology
Vascular Neurology
Public Health

Background:

Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability globally, with a 25% lifetime risk for adults over 25.
Silent brain infarction, now termed covert cerebrovascular disease (CCD), refers to cerebral infarction without apparent clinical symptoms.
Despite known sequelae, diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for CCD remain poorly defined.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore potential etiologies of covert cerebrovascular disease (CCD).
To demonstrate the value of individualized work-up and treatment strategies for CCD patients.

Main Methods:

Case series presentation.
Review of diagnostic work-up for patients with covert cerebrovascular disease.
Analysis of individualized treatment strategies.

Main Results:

Showcased potential causes of CCD.
Highlighted the importance of tailored diagnostic approaches.
Emphasized the benefit of personalized treatment plans for managing CCD.

Conclusions:

Covert cerebrovascular disease (CCD) requires specific attention due to its significant impact.
Individualized diagnostic and therapeutic strategies are crucial for effective CCD management.
Further research is needed to refine clinical algorithms for CCD.