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Reactive Arthritis Due to Leptospirosis in a 11-Year-Old Adolescent Boy

Kiruthika Parvathi Balamurugan1, Shuriya Prabha Moorthy1, Ramya Srinivasa Rangan1

  • 1Department of Paediatrics, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India.

Vector Borne and Zoonotic Diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.)
|December 3, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Reactive arthritis, a joint inflammation after infection, can be triggered by leptospirosis. This case shows reactive arthritis can occur early in leptospiral infection, even with active illness.

Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Reactive arthritis is a sterile joint inflammation following infection.
  • Leptospirosis is an uncommon but reported cause of reactive arthritis.
  • Early diagnosis of this association is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of reactive arthritis secondary to leptospirosis in a child.
  • To highlight the early onset of reactive arthritis during leptospiral infection.
  • To emphasize the importance of recognizing this rare association.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of an 11-year-old boy with fever, jaundice, and hip pain.
  • Laboratory investigations for infectious causes, including Leptospira IgM antibodies.
  • Clinical and laboratory data analysis.

Main Results:

  • The patient presented with symptoms suggestive of acute leptospirosis and reactive arthritis.
  • Equivocal IgM antibodies for Leptospira indicated a possible acute infection.
  • Reactive arthritis developed within 3 days of symptom onset, coinciding with systemic illness.

Conclusions:

  • Reactive arthritis can manifest early in the course of leptospiral infection.
  • Leptospira should be considered in the differential diagnosis of reactive arthritis, especially in endemic areas.
  • Prompt recognition aids in timely diagnosis and management of this rare condition.
Keywords:
childleptospirosisreactive arthritis

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