Hierarchical habitat selection by a predatory fish in a patchy seascape

Area of Science:

• Marine ecology
• Habitat selection
• Conservation science

Background:

• Faunal habitat selection is influenced by habitat composition and configuration.
• Habitat selection drivers operate across multiple scales, necessitating hierarchical study.
• Climate change impacts species ranges and local seascapes, affecting habitat availability.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the multi-scale habitat selection of spotted seatrout (Cynoscion nebulosus).
• To analyze habitat selection at both seascape and patch scales in Florida Bay.
• To integrate acoustic telemetry, field surveys, remote sensing, and machine learning for a comprehensive analysis.

Main Methods:

• Acoustic telemetry to track fish movements.
• Field surveys to collect habitat data.
• Remote sensing and machine learning to analyze seascape and patch characteristics.

Main Results:

• Spotted seatrout exhibited scale-specific habitat selection.
• Patch-scale predictors included Halodule cover, SAV cover variability, and SAV species richness.
• Seascape-scale predictor was patch density; responses were logistic to seascape and optimal to patch variables.

Conclusions:

• Investigating habitat selection across multiple scales is essential for understanding species ecology.
• Findings highlight the importance of considering both broad and fine-scale habitat features for spotted seatrout.
• This research provides critical insights for conservation strategies in dynamic marine environments.