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Gastrulation

Gastrulation

Gastrulation establishes the three primary tissues of an embryo: the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. This developmental process relies on a series of intricate cellular movements, which in humans transforms a flat, “bilaminar disc” composed of two cell sheets into a three-tiered structure. In the resulting embryo, the endoderm serves as the bottom layer, and stacked directly above it is the intermediate mesoderm, and then the uppermost ectoderm. Respectively, these tissue strata...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 9, 2026

Stem cell-like Xenopus Embryonic Explants to Study Early Neural Developmental Features In Vitro and In Vivo

Stem cell-like Xenopus Embryonic Explants to Study Early Neural Developmental Features In Vitro and In Vivo

Published on: February 2, 2016

Modelling late gastrulation in stem cell-derived monkey embryo models.

Jie Li¹, Jie Li², Jing Cao³

¹Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, China-Hungary Belt-and-Road Joint laboratory on Brain Science, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Precision Gene Editing and Clinical Translation, International Center for Primate Brain Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China. jli@ion.ac.cn.

|December 3, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a novel stem cell-derived monkey embryo model, advancing in vitro culture to day 25. This model successfully recapitulates key primate embryonic development stages, offering insights into early embryogenesis.

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Area of Science:

Developmental Biology
Stem Cell Research
Primate Embryogenesis

Background:

Understanding early embryonic development is crucial but challenging in primates.
Existing stem cell-derived embryo models have limitations in extending beyond early gastrulation.
Developing advanced in vitro models is essential for studying primate embryogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

To establish a robust stem cell-derived monkey embryo model.
To extend in vitro culture of monkey blastoids beyond early gastrulation.
To analyze the developmental recapitulation and cellular dynamics in these advanced models.

Main Methods:

Optimized 3D suspension culture system for monkey blastoids.
Morphological and histological analyses of embryoids up to day 25.
Single-cell transcriptomic analysis to compare with in vivo embryos.

Main Results:

Successfully cultured stem cell-derived monkey blastoids to day 25.
Embryoids underwent gastrulation, forming key structures like neural plate and primordial germ cells.
Transcriptomic data confirmed similarity to natural primate embryos during gastrulation.

Conclusions:

The developed monkey embryoid model successfully recapitulates primate embryonic development up to late gastrulation.
This model serves as a valuable platform for studying primate embryogenesis mechanisms.
Further research can utilize this model to explore developmental processes from blastocyst to late gastrulation.