Geographical and potential distribution of Portulaca L. in China

The study examines six species of the genus Portulaca in China. Using geographical distribution data along with altitude and vegetation layers, we employed DIVA-GIS software to update maps for these species, systematically detailing their current distribution status and analyzing species richness. By integrating 19 environmental factors related to precipitation and temperature, we used the MaxEnt model to predict the probable distribution areas of these species and identify the key environmental factors influencing their distribution. The results show that the genus Portulaca in China exhibits a wide distribution pattern. A high consistency was observed between its current potential distribution and its actual modern distribution. Seasonal precipitation patterns and temperature variations play significant roles in shaping the potential distribution of this genus, with temperature annual range, mean diurnal range, precipitation of driest month, and precipitation of warmest quarter contributing most substantially. As climate change intensifies, the habitats of these species are likely to shift northward and expand into new areas. This study provides valuable insights into the distribution dynamics of Portulaca species and offers scientific guidance for their conservation and sustainable use.