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Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

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The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
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Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
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Gene regulation through exon junction complex modularity.

Elizabeth T Abshire1,2, Lynne E Maquat3,4

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.

Nature Structural & Molecular Biology
|December 3, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The exon junction complex (EJC) assembles during splicing and gains modules in the nucleus and cytoplasm. This review covers EJC formation, its regulatory roles in gene expression, and how composition affects function.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • RNA Biology
  • Gene Expression Regulation

Background:

  • The exon junction complex (EJC) is deposited during pre-mRNA splicing.
  • EJCs are crucial for various RNA processing and regulatory events.
  • EJC composition is dynamic and changes throughout the mRNA lifecycle.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms of EJC formation.
  • To discuss the diverse roles of the EJC in gene regulation.
  • To explore how EJC composition influences its functions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of EJC research.
  • Analysis of EJC assembly and function.
  • Examination of EJC composition-function relationships.

Main Results:

  • EJCs are assembled co-transcriptionally by the spliceosome.
  • EJCs undergo modular expansion in the nucleus and cytoplasm.
  • EJC composition dictates its roles in mRNA splicing, export, and decay.

Conclusions:

  • EJC formation is a multi-step process involving dynamic modular acquisition.
  • The EJC plays multifaceted roles in post-transcriptional gene regulation.
  • Understanding EJC composition is key to deciphering its regulatory impact.