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Updated: Jul 20, 2026

A Protocol for Real-time 3D Single Particle Tracking
Published on: January 3, 2018
Performance of optically tracked instrumented pointers: a systematic literature review
Kristóf Rácz1, Beáta Seregély2, Rita M Kiss3
1Department of Mechatronics, Optics and Mechanical Engineering Informatics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3., H-1111, Budapest, Hungary. racz.kristof@mogi.bme.hu.
Optically tracked pointers in motion analysis can have errors up to 5 mm, while surgical navigation pointers aim for sub-millimeter accuracy. Key performance factors include tracking volume, instrument design, and tip calibration for improved localization systems.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Medical Physics
- Kinesiology
Background:
- Systematic review on optically tracked instrumented pointers for motion analysis.
- Includes surgical navigation research for comparative insights.
Purpose of the Study:
- Overview of pointer performance in motion analysis.
- Establish benchmarks for localization systems.
Main Methods:
- Searched Scopus, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Web of Science up to April 2025.
- Keywords: 'pointer', 'anatomical landmark', 'motion analysis'.
- Included 24 papers (16 surgical navigation, 8 motion analysis).
Main Results:
- Motion analysis pointers: errors up to 5 mm.
- Surgical navigation pointers: expected errors < 1 mm.
- Critical factors: tracking volume, instrument length, marker arrangement, tip calibration.
Conclusions:
- Performance benchmarks for current and future localization systems.
- Informs users for system comparison and developers for accuracy improvements.
- Highlights importance of calibration and design in pointer accuracy.
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