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Related Concept Videos

Parallel Resonance01:23

Parallel Resonance

The parallel RLC circuit is an arrangement where the resistor (R), inductor (L), and capacitor (C) are all connected to the same nodes and, as a result, share the same voltage across them. The parallel RLC circuit is analyzed in terms of admittance (Y), which reflects the ease with which current can flow. The admittance is given by:

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An In Situ Multihalide Blocking Layer for Minimizing Energy Loss in High-Performance TOPCon/Perovskite Tandems.

Xuzheng Feng1, Zhuoxin Li1,2, Yaqi Mo1

  • 1Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China.

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|December 4, 2025
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Summary

Researchers developed a new passivation layer for perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells using n-butylammonium chloride. This method enhances stability and efficiency by reducing energy losses, leading to a 30.41% power conversion efficiency in tandem devices.

Keywords:
cohesive multihalide blocking layerperovskite/silicon tandem solar cellssemitransparentstabilitywide‐bandgap perovskite

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Renewable Energy
  • Photovoltaics

Background:

  • Perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells face efficiency limitations due to surface defect recombination in wide-bandgap (WBG) perovskites.
  • Existing ammonium-based passivation layers offer limited operational stability due to weak hydrogen bonding.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel in situ reconstructed cohesive multihalide blocking layer for WBG perovskite solar cells.
  • To improve the passivation of surface defects and reduce nonradiative recombination losses.
  • To enhance the efficiency and operational stability of perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a multihalide blocking layer via n-butylammonium chloride (BACl) post-treatment.
  • In situ reconstruction of the perovskite surface with Cl- ions to form a stable trihalide phase.
  • Passivation of cationic vacancies using immobilized BA+ cations.

Main Results:

  • The WBG perovskite solar cell achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 20.53% and a bifaciality factor of 91.60%.
  • The device demonstrated high operational stability, retaining 92.2% of its initial PCE after 1000 hours of illumination.
  • The two-terminal tandem device, integrated with a TOPCon silicon bottom cell, reached an open-circuit voltage of 1.925 V and a PCE of 30.41%.

Conclusions:

  • The novel BACl post-treatment effectively creates a cohesive multihalide blocking layer, significantly reducing recombination losses.
  • This approach enhances both the efficiency and long-term stability of WBG perovskite solar cells.
  • The developed tandem solar cell technology represents a significant advancement for high-efficiency silicon-based photovoltaic devices.