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Updated: Jan 9, 2026

Author Spotlight: Integrating Ultrasound Imaging with Biochemical Markers for Thyroid Disease Diagnosis
Published on: February 9, 2024
Molecular insights into the gut-thyroid axis: microbiota-driven biomarkers and diagnostic applications
Zoran Gluvić1, Sonja Zafirović2, Emina Sudar-Milovanović2
1Clinic for Internal Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Zemun Clinical Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
Introduction:
New research has shown an intriguing link between the gut bacteria and the thyroid. A gut-thyroid relationship affects energy production, immunological function, and inflammation. As a result, disrupted gut flora harmony is associated with an increased/altered risk of thyroid dysfunction, autoimmune disorders, and metabolic imbalance. In addition to current diagnostic technology, understanding the gut flora-thyroid relationship could assist in the detection of thyroid-related conditions and modify patient treatment.
Areas Covered:
This review explores state-of-the-art molecular techniques, e.g. metagenomics profiling and metabolomics, to uncover clinically relevant microbiota-driven biomarkers related to thyroid disorders.
Expert Opinion:
Revealing potential microbiota-driven biomarker candidates is pivotal in enhancing our understanding of the mechanisms of thyroid disorders more precisely and identifying diagnostic and prognostic markers with clinical potential. Precisely, the individualization in the approach to patients with thyroid disorder, inevitably considering the harmonization of the gut microbiota-thyroid hormone relationship, is the basis of rational pharmacotherapy.
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