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Related Concept Videos

The Thyroid Gland01:23

The Thyroid Gland

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The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
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Primary Lymphoid Organs01:16

Primary Lymphoid Organs

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Primary lymphoid organs are pivotal in the formation, development, and maturation of lymphocytes, the white blood cells that serve as the backbone of our immune system. This crucial function underscores their fundamental role in maintaining our overall health and immunity. The two primary lymphoid organs of prime importance are the red bone marrow and the thymus.
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Secondary Lymphoid Organs01:15

Secondary Lymphoid Organs

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Secondary organs, including lymph nodes, the spleen, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), work harmoniously to protect us from disease and infection.
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Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Visualization in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer
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Primary thyroid lymphoma: a tertiary-center experience.

Carolina Monteiro Antunes1, Sara Lomelino Pinheiro2, Valeriano Leite2

  • 1Department of Endocrinology, Unidade Local de Saúde de Lisboa Ocidental, Lisbon, Portugal. carolinamonteiroantunes@gmail.com.

Endokrynologia Polska
|December 4, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Primary thyroid lymphoma (PTL) often presents as a fast-growing neck mass. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is common, and chemotherapy is the primary treatment, with a 61% complete remission rate.

Keywords:
B-cellautoimmunebiopsydiffusefine-needlelarge B-celllarge-core needlelymphomamarginal zonethyroid neoplasmsthyroid nodulethyroiditis

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Hematology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Primary thyroid lymphoma (PTL) is a rare but aggressive thyroid malignancy.
  • PTL typically manifests as a rapidly enlarging neck mass, necessitating prompt diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the clinical, biochemical, imaging, and pathological characteristics of primary thyroid lymphoma.
  • To analyze treatment strategies and outcomes for PTL patients.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective single-center study analyzed data from 20 PTL patients diagnosed between 2000 and 2023.
  • Data included clinical presentation, thyroid function tests, imaging studies, histopathology, treatment regimens, and patient outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Ninety-five percent of patients presented with a rapidly growing neck mass; 70% experienced compressive symptoms.
  • Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) was the predominant subtype (95%).
  • Chemotherapy, primarily R-CHOP, led to a 61% complete remission rate, with a median follow-up of 2.5 years.

Conclusions:

  • A rapidly enlarging thyroid mass should raise suspicion for PTL.
  • While fine-needle aspiration (FNA) can be suggestive, histological confirmation via biopsy is crucial for diagnosis.
  • DLBCL is the most common PTL type, and chemotherapy is the cornerstone of treatment.