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Muscle Stimulation Frequency01:22

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A Murine Model of Muscle Training by Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation
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Skin-to-Muscle Deep Tissue Stimulation System for Muscle Atrophy.

Sungwon Jung1, Manho Kim2, Hyungseok Yong3

  • 1Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hanbat National University, 125, Dongseo-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34158, Republic of Korea.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|December 4, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new body-coupled system and hydrogel offer battery-free, wireless muscle stimulation and drug delivery. This approach effectively treats muscle atrophy by enhancing drug penetration into deep tissues.

Keywords:
active releasedeep tissue penetrationinternal electrical stimulationmuscle atrophyon‐target stimulation

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Muscle atrophy affects 40% of older adults, impairing daily activities.
  • Current treatments face challenges with drug side effects, deep tissue delivery, and device limitations.
  • Existing therapeutic devices often require wired connections or external batteries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel system for effective muscle atrophy treatment.
  • To overcome limitations of current transdermal drug delivery and electrostimulation methods.
  • To demonstrate a synergistic approach combining electrostimulation and targeted drug release.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a body-coupled on-target stimulation (BOOST) system for wireless, battery-free electrostimulation.
  • Integration with an active releasing muscle stimulation (ARMS) hydrogel for electroactive drug release.
  • Utilizing tissue capacitance for in-body field amplification to target deep muscle layers.

Main Results:

  • The BOOST system achieved battery-free, wireless electrostimulation and simultaneous drug delivery.
  • The system enabled targeted electric field generation for deep-tissue drug penetration.
  • Combined electrostimulation and dexamethasone phosphate delivery effectively restored muscle cells damaged by oxidative stress.

Conclusions:

  • The BOOST system and ARMS hydrogel offer a synergistic and effective solution for muscle atrophy.
  • This technology enables efficient transdermal-to-muscle delivery of therapeutics.
  • The approach holds promise for treating age-related muscle degeneration and related conditions.