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Related Concept Videos

Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View01:14

Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View

4.8K
The superior view of the cranium shows the frontal and paired parietal bones.
The frontal bone is the single bone that forms the forehead. At its anterior midline, between the eyebrows, there is a slight depression called the glabella. The frontal bone also forms the supraorbital margin of the orbit. Near the middle of this margin is the supraorbital foramen, the opening that provides passage for a sensory nerve to the forehead. The frontal bone is thickened just above each supraorbital margin,...
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Overview of the Skull01:08

Overview of the Skull

7.4K
The cranium (skull) is the skeletal structure of the head that supports the face and protects the brain. It is subdivided into the facial bones and the brain case, or cranial vault. The facial bones underlie the facial structures, form the nasal cavity, enclose the eyeballs, and support the teeth of the upper and lower jaws.
The cranial vault surrounds and protects the brain and houses the middle and inner ear structures. This cavity is bounded superiorly by the rounded top of the skull, which...
7.4K
Veins of Head and Neck01:19

Veins of Head and Neck

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The blood drainage from the head and neck is primarily managed by three pairs of veins: the external jugular, internal jugular, and vertebral veins. The external jugular veins drain superficial scalp and face structures, passing over the sternocleidomastoid muscles to empty into the subclavian veins.
On the other hand, the vertebral veins, unlike their arterial counterparts, are not primarily responsible for brain drainage. Instead, they drain the cervical vertebrae, spinal cord, and some small...
5.1K
Sutures of the Skull01:22

Sutures of the Skull

10.0K
The human skull is composed of several bones that come together to protect the brain and support the structures of the face. The junctions where these bones meet are called sutures.
Sutures are immobile joints between adjacent bones of the skull. The narrow gap between the bones is filled with dense, fibrous connective tissue that unites the bones. The long sutures located between the skull bones are not straight but instead follow irregular, tightly twisting paths. These twisting lines tightly...
10.0K
Cranial Bones: Lateral View01:27

Cranial Bones: Lateral View

4.3K
The lateral view of the cranium is dominated by temporal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones.
The temporal bone forms the lower lateral side of the skull. The temporal bone is subdivided into several regions. The flattened upper portion is the squamous portion of the temporal bone. Below this area and projecting anteriorly is the zygomatic process of the temporal bone, which forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch. Posteriorly is the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. Projecting...
4.3K
Association Areas of the Cortex01:21

Association Areas of the Cortex

8.7K
Association areas are regions of the cerebral cortex that do not have a specific sensory or motor function. Instead, they integrate and interpret information from various sources to enable higher cognitive processes such as memory, learning, and decision-making. Some key association areas include the following:
Prefrontal Association Area: This area is located in the frontal lobe and is involved in planning, decision-making, and moderating social behavior. It connects with primary motor areas,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 9, 2026

Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of Orbital Fractures
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Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of Orbital Fractures

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Star in the Forehead.

Ankur Singh1, Priyanka Munjal1, A K Verma1

  • 1Department of Pathology, ESIC Hospital and PGIMSR, New Delhi, Basaidarapur, India.

Diagnostic Cytopathology
|December 4, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Asteroid bodies, rare cell inclusions, were found in a patient

Area of Science:

  • Cytopathology
  • Histopathology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Asteroid bodies are rare cytoplasmic inclusions within multinucleated giant cells.
  • They are classically associated with sarcoidosis but can appear in other granulomatous conditions.
  • Recognition in cytology is challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a case of asteroid bodies in a post-traumatic swelling.
  • To illustrate the cytomorphological spectrum of asteroid bodies outside sarcoidosis.
  • To discuss differential diagnoses and clinical relevance.

Main Methods:

  • Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) was performed on a forehead swelling.
  • Cytological analysis revealed multinucleated giant cells with asteroid bodies.

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  • Histopathological correlation was considered.
  • Main Results:

    • Numerous foreign body-type giant cells containing asteroid bodies were identified.
    • The findings were observed in a post-traumatic context, not systemic sarcoidosis.
    • The case demonstrated asteroid bodies in a less common presentation.

    Conclusions:

    • Asteroid bodies can be found in reactive conditions beyond sarcoidosis.
    • Accurate cytological identification requires awareness of their varied presentations.
    • This case broadens the understanding of asteroid body morphology and clinical significance.