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Updated: Jul 26, 2026
A Preclinical Mouse Model of Osteosarcoma to Define the Extracellular Vesicle-mediated Communication Between Tumor and Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Published on: May 6, 2018
Prognostic model for osteosarcoma: RNA diagnostics, tumor microenvironment and immunotherapy response
Ding-Chao Rong1, Xu Rong2, Yuan-Shen Chen3
1Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, Hunan, 422000, People's Republic of China.
Objective:
Osteosarcoma, an aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis, requires reliable prognostic models to predict treatment efficacy and toxicity. SnoRNAs, due to their stability and ubiquity, are promising biomarkers for tumor prognosis.
Methods:
Gene expression and clinical data were downloaded from TCGA/GTEx/GEO. Then prognosis, survival analysis, gene differential expression, functional enrichment, immune cells infiltration, ESTIMATE/immune/stromal scores, and drug sensitivity analysis were performed. Finally, the drug sensitivity and gene expression were verified by in vitro experiments.
Results:
In this study, we established the 5 snoRNAs prognostic model (SNORA2B, SNORA12, SNORD99, SNORD123 and SNORD11B). It showed superior prognostic accuracy, but its prediction for the immune microenvironment was limited. Furthermore, the snoRNA-lncRNA-mRNA network was also used to construct a prognostic model comprising 4 RNAs (PARD6G-AS1, DLX2, TPD52 and GRAMD1B), which demonstrated significant correlation with immune-infiltrating tumor microenvironment. The drug sensitivity prediction of patients showed high consistency in the two models, and in vitro experiments proved that osteosarcoma cells were sensitive to simvastatin. Additionally, the differential expression of GRAMD1B, DLX2 and SNORD99 in the prognostic model was also validated between tumor and adjacent tissues.
Conclusions:
Our findings revealed that independent snoRNAs have potential biological advantages as a prognostic biomarker, and the prognostic model combined with other RNAs has offered more information for immune microenvironment and immune function. The drug sensitivity prediction of patients showed high consistency in the two models. Overall, our study provides reliable prognostic and immune-related biomarkers for osteosarcoma patients, and valuable insights for therapeutic strategy and therapy toxicity.
