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Development and Initial Validation of a Brief Multidimensional Falls Efficacy Scale.

Shawn Leng Hsien Soh1, Henry Fee Siang Koh1, Dorothy Hong Yu Ng1

  • 1Health and Social Sciences Cluster, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore.

Journal of Frailty, Sarcopenia and Falls
|December 4, 2025
PubMed
Summary

The new Multidimensional Falls Efficacy Scale (MdFES) is a valid tool for assessing older adults' confidence in preventing falls. It shows promise for clinical screening and guiding interventions.

Keywords:
Accidental FallsCOSMIN GuidelinesPatient Reported Outcome MeasuresPsychometricsSelf Efficacy

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Rehabilitation Science
  • Psychometrics

Background:

  • Falls are a major health concern for older adults, impacting independence and quality of life.
  • Falls efficacy, or confidence in preventing falls, is a key factor in fall risk.
  • Existing measures may not fully capture the multidimensional nature of falls efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate the initial psychometric properties of the Multidimensional Falls Efficacy Scale (MdFES).
  • To establish the validity and reliability of the MdFES for assessing falls efficacy in older adults.

Main Methods:

  • Content development and validation via literature review and expert consensus.
  • Psychometric testing with 179 older adults, including exploratory factor analysis (EFA).
  • Internal consistency, construct validity, and ROC analysis were performed.

Main Results:

  • EFA supported a two-factor structure, explaining 65.4% of the variance.
  • The MdFES demonstrated good internal consistency (α = 0.84) and construct validity.
  • ROC analyses showed moderate discriminative ability for identifying fallers and concerns about falling.

Conclusions:

  • The MdFES is a brief, valid instrument for the multidimensional assessment of falls efficacy.
  • It can support clinical screening and inform targeted fall prevention interventions.
  • Further research is warranted to confirm the clinical utility of the MdFES.