[Anal Pathology in General Practice: A Syndromic Approach to Diagnosis]

Anal pathologies represent a common reason for consultation in general and specialized medical practice, often misinterpreted by patients as hemorrhoids. This review article focuses on providing a guide for the initial diagnosis and management of major anal pathologies, aiming to assist general practitioners and gastroenterologists in their daily practice. The differential diagnoses of the most prevalent syndromes, including anal tumor syndrome, prolapse syndrome, and painful syndrome are explored. The importance of a detailed anamnesis and a directed physical examination is emphasized. The article also describes in detail the clinical characteristics and management of conditions such as skin tags, condylomas, hemorrhoids, and anal abscesses. Therapeutic options are briefly discussed. This review provides practical tools to improve diagnostic accuracy and treatment effectiveness.