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Updated: Jan 9, 2026

An In Vitro Protocol for Evaluating MicroRNA Levels, Functions, and Associated Target Genes in Tumor Cells
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Retraction Note: MiR-411-5p acts as a tumor suppressor in non-small cell lung cancer through targeting PUM1

L-H Xia1, Q-H Yan, Q-D Sun

  • 1Endoscopy Center, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, China.

European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences
|December 4, 2025
PubMed

Insights

This study on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is retracted due to confirmed figure duplication and unresponsive authors. The article investigated microRNA-411-5p's tumor-suppressive role by targeting PUM1. Further research is needed to validate these findings.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality.
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in cancer development and progression.
  • Identifying novel therapeutic targets and understanding miRNA functions are vital for NSCLC treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of microRNA-411-5p (miR-411-5p) as a potential tumor suppressor in NSCLC.
  • To identify the target gene of miR-411-5p involved in NSCLC pathogenesis.
  • To explore the therapeutic potential of modulating miR-411-5p in NSCLC.

Main Methods:

  • The study aimed to analyze the expression levels of miR-411-5p in NSCLC tissues and cell lines.
  • It involved identifying the target gene of miR-411-5p using bioinformatics tools and experimental validation.
  • Functional assays were planned to assess the impact of miR-411-5p on NSCLC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion.

Main Results:

  • The original article reported that miR-411-5p acts as a tumor suppressor in NSCLC.
  • It suggested that miR-411-5p targets PUM1 (Pumilio RNA-binding family member 1).
  • The findings indicated that reduced miR-411-5p expression is associated with advanced NSCLC stages.

Conclusions:

  • The article concluded that miR-411-5p could be a potential therapeutic target for NSCLC.
  • It highlighted the importance of the miR-411-5p/PUM1 axis in NSCLC progression.
  • However, this article has been officially retracted due to data integrity issues, specifically figure duplication.

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