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Biological characteristics of an enterovirus A71 subgroup C4 strain isolated in China

Tianli Ma1,2, Huan Li1, Yunfang Li3

  • 1Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 20 Dongda Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, China.

BMC Infectious Diseases
|December 5, 2025
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

A new Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) strain, GD10, shows strong infectivity in human cells and impairs the blood-brain barrier. This research enhances understanding of EV-A71

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common childhood illness.
  • Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) subgroup C4 is a prevalent cause of HFMD and neurological infections in China.
  • Understanding EV-A71 strain characteristics is crucial for disease control and vaccine development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To genetically and biologically characterize a dominant EV-A71 subgroup C4 strain (GD10) from China.
  • To investigate the GD10 strain's infectivity, replication, cytotoxicity, and impact on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in vitro.
  • To provide insights into EV-A71 pathogenesis and support vaccine development efforts.

Main Methods:

  • Whole-genome sequencing of the EV-A71 C4 GD10 strain.
  • Phylogenetic analysis to determine genetic relationships with other strains.
  • In vitro assessment of viral infectivity, replication, cytotoxicity (LDH release, ATP levels), and BBB integrity in RD and Vero cells.

Main Results:

  • The GD10 strain belongs to EV-A71 subgroup C4 and is genetically similar to Chinese strains.
  • GD10 exhibited significant cytopathic effects and replication in human rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) cells but not in Vero cells.
  • GD10 infection led to increased cell damage and compromised blood-brain barrier integrity in vitro.

Conclusions:

  • The GD10 strain demonstrates high adaptability to RD cells and possesses the ability to impair BBB function.
  • These findings contribute to a better understanding of EV-A71's interaction with host cells and its potential to cause neurological complications.
  • The study supports ongoing efforts in developing effective EV-A71 vaccines.
Keywords:
Blood–brain barrierCytotoxicitySubgroup C4Viral infectivity and replication

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