Evaluation of a person-centred, group-based, culturally appropriate diabetes education model for migrants with type 2
Emina Hadziabdic1,2, Katarina Hjelm1
1Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Background:
Diabetes mellitus is a prevalent chronic illness worldwide and largely impacts migrants who have settled in developed countries. In diabetes care, patients play a central role and are natural partners in self-care education for improving health. Upon reviewing the literature, no studies were found that evaluated culturally adapted education models led by a nurse and delivered by a multi-professional team from the perspective of migrants in a group setting. Therefore, this study aims to explore patients' evaluation of the content and implementation of a person-centred, group-based diabetes education model for migrants with type 2 diabetes led by a nurse and delivered by a multi-professional team.
Method:
Qualitative exploratory study, using semi-structured interviews in focus groups and individually to collect data. Eleven migrants who had participated in an intervention testing the education model aged 45-70, who had been living in Sweden between 4-32 years participated. Inductive qualitative content analysis of data was undertaken.
Results:
Participants gave a positive picture of their experiences concerning the content and organisation of the person-centred, group-based, culturally adapted diabetes education model. The education sessions were described as providing new and evidence-based knowledge. The multi-professional education staff and the interpreter were perceived as having a professional and familiar approach. They wanted to recommend the education model to others.
Conclusions:
The study revealed a well-functioning diabetes education model tailored to individual beliefs and cultural aspects. It improved perceived knowledge about type 2 diabetes among migrants, thus increasing self-care behaviour and health. In today's multicultural society, the study offers insights into migrants' feelings, ideas, concerns, knowledge, and experience regarding the content, structure, and outcome of a group-based, culturally adapted diabetes education model that can improve self-care behaviour to promote health and prevent illness. As a result, the education model can be used in primary healthcare as a central and natural partner in self-care education to improve health.
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