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Advances in electrical stimulation for wound healing.

Xiaofei Bi1, Xiangchen Chen2, Zheng Pang3

  • 1College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
|December 5, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Electrical stimulation (ES) accelerates wound healing by guiding cell migration and activating cells. This review explores advanced ES technologies and materials for improved tissue regeneration and clinical translation.

Keywords:
angiogenesiscell proliferationelectrical stimulationtherapeutic deviceswound healing

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Wound Healing

Background:

  • Electrical stimulation (ES) is a promising strategy for enhancing tissue regeneration and repair.
  • Endogenous and exogenous electric fields guide cellular migration and activate key cell types involved in healing.
  • ES mechanisms include enhanced collagen synthesis and accelerated angiogenesis, leading to improved wound closure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in electrical stimulation technology for wound healing.
  • To focus on emerging applications of microcurrent devices and electroactive wound dressings.
  • To analyze the mechanisms and therapeutic applications of ES for optimizing clinical translation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on electrical stimulation in wound healing.
  • Analysis of active and passive microcurrent devices.
  • Examination of electroactive wound dressings, conductive polymers, and nanocomposite materials.

Main Results:

  • ES effectively guides cellular migration and activates fibroblasts, keratinocytes, and endothelial cells.
  • Mechanisms involve enhanced collagen synthesis and angiogenesis, significantly improving wound closure rates.
  • Conductive polymers and nanocomposite materials show innovative applications in wound repair.

Conclusions:

  • Electrical stimulation technologies offer significant potential for accelerating wound healing.
  • Further research into ES mechanisms and materials can optimize therapeutic outcomes.
  • This review provides perspectives for advancing ES technologies toward clinical application in regenerative medicine.