Role of lipid peroxidation and chronic inflammation in development of post-thrombotic syndrome

Post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS), a chronic complication of deep vein thrombosis, causes pain, swelling, and ulcers, impairing quality of life. This study explores the role of lipid peroxidation and chronic inflammation in PTS. Oxidative stress and chronic inflammation damage the endothelium, increase venous pressure, and induce fibrosis, driving PTS progression. A biomarker-based ELISA approach is proposed to measure plasma lipid peroxidation products (e.g. MDA) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g. IL-6, TNF-α). This method detects early biochemical changes in post-DVT patients and tracks PTS risk. Elevated oxidative and inflammatory markers are strongly linked to PTS, supporting their use as diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Screening may improve prediction (98.7%), prevention (97.3%), and management (99.4%), while reducing MDA (95.6%), IL-6 (93.4%), and TNF-α (97.45%). Observational NHS data support symptom-biomarker correlations. Preliminary values for MDA (14.3 ± 4.1 nmol/mL), IL-6 (2.3 ± 1.1 pg/mL), and TNF-α (1.5 ± 0.7 pg/mL) are included to clearly present and support the research hypothesis.