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Atomistic simulation study of diamond doping based on machine learning potential.

Yiheng Yan1, Yaochen Yu1, Junwei Hu1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, International Center for Materials Discovery, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China. haiyang.niu@nwpu.edu.cn.

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|December 5, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Controlling dopant ratios in diamond is key for creating efficient p-type and n-type semiconductors. Specific Boron-Oxygen and Boron-Sulfur ratios enable the formation of impurity complexes with desirable electronic properties.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Solid-State Physics
  • Computational Chemistry

Background:

  • Diamond exhibits exceptional semiconductor properties but faces challenges in achieving efficient p-type and n-type doping.
  • Co-doping strategies are explored to overcome limitations in single-element doping of diamond.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically investigate Boron-Oxygen (B-O) and Boron-Sulfur (B-S) co-doping in diamond.
  • To understand how dopant ratios influence impurity complex formation and electronic properties.
  • To identify optimal co-doping strategies for high-performance p-type and n-type diamond.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a hybrid simulation approach combining molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo methods.
  • Employed machine learning potentials for accurate atomic-scale modeling.
  • Analyzed formation energies and ionization energies of resulting impurity complexes.

Main Results:

  • A B-O ratio of 4:1 exclusively forms B4O complexes with low formation energy (-1.92 eV) and ionization energy (0.11 eV), ideal for p-type diamond.
  • A B-S ratio of 1:1 yields BS complexes with reduced formation energy and low ionization energy (0.56 eV), suitable for n-type diamond.
  • A B-S ratio of 4:1 is identified as beneficial for p-type diamond.

Conclusions:

  • Precise control over dopant ratios is critical for tailoring diamond's electronic properties.
  • Co-doping with B-O and B-S offers promising routes for synthesizing high-quality p-type and n-type diamond.
  • The study provides atomic-scale insights for the controllable synthesis of co-doped diamond semiconductors.