Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Antibody Structure01:10

Antibody Structure

65.2K
Overview
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...
65.2K
Antibody Structure and Classes01:25

Antibody Structure and Classes

8.1K
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins, are produced by B cells in response to foreign substances, such as bacteria and viruses. These proteins are critical for recognizing and neutralizing these substances, protecting the body from potential harm.
The basic structure of an antibody consists of four protein chains: two identical heavy chains and two identical light chains. These chains are held together by disulfide bonds and other non-covalent interactions, forming a Y-shaped structure.
8.1K
Hybridoma Technology01:31

Hybridoma Technology

17.1K
Hybridoma technology is used for the large-scale production of monoclonal antibodies. Monoclonal antibodies bind to only a single antigenic determinant or epitope. Such antibodies are used in research, diagnostics, and disease therapy. The hybridoma technology established in 1975 by Georges Köhler and Cesar Milstein was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1984 for revolutionizing research and therapy.
Hybridoma Selection
Commonly used fusion techniques — electroporation,...
17.1K
Antibody Actions01:26

Antibody Actions

2.3K
Antibodies, or immunoglobulins, are critical players in the immune system's arsenal against invading pathogens. Produced by B cells and plasma cells, their primary role is to detect and bind to specific antigens, molecules found on the surface of pathogens like bacteria or viruses. Beyond antigen recognition, antibodies perform several vital functions that contribute to immune defense.
Neutralization
Antibodies can bind to pathogens, preventing them from infecting host cells. This process...
2.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A LAGging kiss leaves T cells cold.

Science immunology·2025
Same author

Loss of B cell tolerance at the T2/T3a B cell transition is a convergent pathogenic mechanism in common variable immunodeficiency.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same author

Is one lymphocyte's brake another lymphocyte's gas?

Science immunology·2025
Same author

The yeast also rises! PD-L1 dampens inflammation linked to fungal infections.

Science immunology·2024
Same author

An e-Xist-ential two-edged sword for women.

Science immunology·2024
Same author

Systems-based identification of the Hippo pathway for promoting fibrotic mesenchymal differentiation in systemic sclerosis.

Nature communications·2024
Same journal

Erratum for the Research Article "Claudins interact with LILRB immune inhibitory receptors to promote myeloid immunosuppression in cancer".

Science immunology·2026
Same journal

Langerhans cell control of early-life dermal lymphatic development shapes adult immunity.

Science immunology·2026
Same journal

T<sub>reg</sub> cells promote immunotherapy-induced immune evasion by restraining CD4 T cell control of MHC-I-deficient metastatic pancreatic cancer.

Science immunology·2026
Same journal

CXCL16-mediated recruitment of γδ T cells to the brain reduces sociability in mice.

Science immunology·2026
Same journal

Bioactive enhanced adjuvant chemokine oligonucleotide nanoparticles (BEACONs) for mucosal vaccination against genital herpes.

Science immunology·2026
Same journal

Bacterial infection reshapes monocyte and macrophage ontogeny at the CNS borders.

Science immunology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 9, 2026

Laboratory Scale Production and Purification of a Therapeutic Antibody
09:54

Laboratory Scale Production and Purification of a Therapeutic Antibody

Published on: January 24, 2017

18.2K

Smart chains: Designer antibodies shaped by AI.

Thomas T Xu1, Shiv Pillai1

  • 1Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.

Science Immunology
|December 5, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Artificial intelligence aided in designing antibodies targeting specific epitopes. This advancement streamlines antibody development for various research and therapeutic applications.

More Related Videos

Flow-pattern Guided Fabrication of High-density Barcode Antibody Microarray
09:05

Flow-pattern Guided Fabrication of High-density Barcode Antibody Microarray

Published on: January 6, 2016

20.5K
Construction of Synthetic Phage Displayed Fab Library with Tailored Diversity
12:31

Construction of Synthetic Phage Displayed Fab Library with Tailored Diversity

Published on: May 1, 2018

14.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 9, 2026

Laboratory Scale Production and Purification of a Therapeutic Antibody
09:54

Laboratory Scale Production and Purification of a Therapeutic Antibody

Published on: January 24, 2017

18.2K
Flow-pattern Guided Fabrication of High-density Barcode Antibody Microarray
09:05

Flow-pattern Guided Fabrication of High-density Barcode Antibody Microarray

Published on: January 6, 2016

20.5K
Construction of Synthetic Phage Displayed Fab Library with Tailored Diversity
12:31

Construction of Synthetic Phage Displayed Fab Library with Tailored Diversity

Published on: May 1, 2018

14.6K

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Bioinformatics
  • Artificial Intelligence

Background:

  • Antibody development is crucial for diagnostics and therapeutics.
  • Traditional epitope-based antibody design can be complex and time-consuming.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the use of artificial intelligence in designing antibodies against specific epitopes.
  • To assess the efficiency and accuracy of AI-assisted antibody design.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized artificial intelligence algorithms for epitope prediction and antibody sequence design.
  • In silico validation of designed antibody structures and binding affinities.

Main Results:

  • Successfully designed novel antibodies targeting specific epitopes using AI.
  • AI-driven design demonstrated potential for increased specificity and efficiency.

Conclusions:

  • Artificial intelligence offers a powerful tool to accelerate and optimize antibody epitope design.
  • This approach holds promise for advancing antibody engineering in biomedical research.