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Topological Response in Open Quantum Systems with Weak Symmetries.

Ze-Min Huang¹, Sebastian Diehl¹, Xiao-Qi Sun^2,3

¹Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany.

Physical Review Letters

|December 5, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Weak symmetries in open quantum systems can protect distinct topological phases, even without strong symmetries. This study proposes a quantized response detectable via string order parameters in bosonic systems.

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Area of Science:

Quantum Information Science
Condensed Matter Physics
Quantum Many-Body Systems

Background:

Open quantum systems exhibit strong and weak symmetries based on environment interaction.
Topological responses in bosonic systems were previously studied mainly under strong symmetries.
Generic open systems primarily feature weak symmetries.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate that weak symmetries alone can protect topological responses in generic open quantum systems.
To propose a quantized response for distinguishing topological phases in one-dimensional bosonic systems.
To investigate the role of environmental coupling in inducing phase transitions.

Main Methods:

Analysis of one-dimensional mixed states using locally purifiable density operators.
Development of a quantized response detectable via string order parameters.
Illustration using a noisy Affleck-Kennedy-Lieb-Tasaki (AKLT) model.

Main Results:

Weak symmetries are sufficient to protect topological responses in bosonic systems.
A quantized response characterizes distinct topological phases in mixed states.
Environmental coupling can induce phase transitions to states protected by weak symmetries.

Conclusions:

Weak symmetries play a crucial role in protecting topological phases in open quantum systems.
The proposed quantized response offers a method for detecting topological phases in mixed states.
Phase transitions driven by environmental interactions can lead to novel topological states protected by weak symmetries.