Emergent Nonthermal Fluid from Jets in the Massive Schwinger Model Using Tensor Networks

Area of Science:

• Quantum Field Theory
• High-Energy Physics
• Condensed Matter Theory

Background:

• The Schwinger model describes quantum electrodynamics in (1+1) dimensions, providing a simplified framework for studying complex quantum phenomena.
• Understanding the behavior of energetic particle systems, such as jets, is crucial for interpreting data from high-energy particle colliders.
• The interplay between energy, momentum, and entanglement in quantum systems is a key area of theoretical investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze the correlation between energy, momentum, and spatial entanglement generated by two luminal jets in the massive Schwinger model.
• To investigate the emergence of effective fluid behavior in a quantum system under specific coupling conditions.
• To explore the role of quantum dynamics and entanglement entropy in the evolution of energy and pressure.

Main Methods:

• Utilized tensor network methods to model the quantum system.
• Analyzed the massive Schwinger model with two luminal jets.
• Focused on the regime where m/g > 1/π, near the strong-to-weak coupling transition.

Main Results:

• Observed the emergence of a nearly perfect, chargeless effective fluid behavior in the midrapidity region.
• Identified a universal energy-pressure relationship characterizing this fluid.
• Demonstrated a strong correlation between the evolution of energy, pressure, and the rise of spatial entanglement entropy.

Conclusions:

• Quantum dynamics and spatial entanglement play a critical role in the formation and behavior of the effective fluid.
• The observed phenomena offer potential insights into high-multiplicity jet fragmentation events at particle colliders.
• Findings may inform the analysis of energy-energy and energy-charge correlators in current collider experiments.