Monitoring the Effectiveness of Noninvasive or Minimally Invasive Therapies for Nonmelanocytic Lesions Using

J M Villa-Gonzalez1, M R Gonzalez-Hermosa1, M Ardigò2

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Cruces University Hospital, Spain; University of the Basque Country, Spain.

PubMed

Insights

Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) effectively monitors non-melanocytic skin cancers (NMSC) after non-invasive treatments. RCM aids in assessing treatment response and optimizing patient care for various skin conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Oncology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Non-melanocytic skin cancers (NMSC) require effective monitoring after treatment.
  • Non-invasive and minimally invasive therapies are increasingly used for NMSC.
  • In vivo reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) offers high-resolution imaging of skin structures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the utility of RCM in monitoring NMSC treated with non-invasive or minimally invasive therapies.
  • To analyze RCM findings for different types of NMSC and various treatment modalities.
  • To establish optimal timing for RCM follow-up assessments.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of 56 articles on NMSC treated with therapies like laser, cryosurgery, PDT, and topical agents.
  • Analysis of studies utilizing RCM for monitoring treatment response in squamous conditions and basal cell carcinoma (BCC).
  • Evaluation of RCM criteria for complete response, including normalization of skin patterns and tumor island disappearance.

Main Results:

  • RCM showed complete response in squamous conditions via normalized honeycomb patterns and reduced scaling.
  • RCM detected subclinical malignancy in squamous conditions.
  • In BCC, RCM indicated complete response through the disappearance of tumor islands.
  • RCM facilitated treatment optimization and early monitoring, even with inflammation.

Conclusions:

  • RCM is a valuable tool for monitoring NMSC treatment response, offering objective assessment.
  • Recommended RCM follow-up is 1 month post-treatment for squamous conditions and 3 months for BCC.
  • RCM aids in treatment optimization and early detection of residual or recurrent disease.