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A Standardized Approach to Extra-Oral and Intra-Oral Digital Photography

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Making the implicit explicit: Leadership in primary care dental practice.

Sally Hanks¹, Debby Cotton²

¹University of Plymouth, Drake's Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK.

Journal of Dentistry

|December 5, 2025

Summary

Leadership in primary care dentistry is deeply connected to patient care, involving relationships and emotional intelligence. Understanding these implicit skills enhances clinical outcomes and dentist well-being.

Keywords:

Activity theory Emotional Intelligence Ethnography Leadership Primary care dentistry

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Area of Science:

Dental Practice Management
Organizational Behavior in Healthcare
Qualitative Research Methods

Background:

Leadership in primary care dental settings remains under-researched.
Understanding dentist leadership is crucial for practice effectiveness and patient care.
Existing literature offers limited insight into the daily leadership activities of dentists.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore and understand leadership activities within primary care dental practice.
To identify the key components and systems that constitute leadership in this context.
To investigate the relationship between leadership, patient care, and clinician well-being.

Main Methods:

Qualitative, exploratory research paradigm.
Utilized Video Reflexive Ethnography (VRE) and Activity Theory (AT).
Involved capturing the lived experiences of seven participating dentists.

Main Results:

Identified three interacting activity systems: Patient Care (PC), Running the Surgery (RS), and Running the Practice (RP).
Leadership is intrinsically linked to patient care and governed by explicit and implicit rules.
Leadership skills are often learned tacitly throughout a dentist's career.

Conclusions:

Leadership in dentistry is founded on relationships and emotional intelligence.
Effective leadership positively impacts both clinical care delivery and dentist well-being.
Uncovered implicit leadership and teamwork behaviors directly enhance patient care, outcomes, and clinician well-being.