Microfluidics for in vitro fertilization: from science to clinical validation

Area of Science:

• Reproductive Medicine and Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART)
• Biotechnology and Biomedical Engineering
• In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)

Background:

• Microfluidic technologies have been developed for In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) over the past 20 years.
• Recent advancements focus on oocyte/sperm processing, embryo development support, and fertility preservation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze the development and clinical translation of microfluidic technologies in IVF.
• To identify key applications, challenges, and regulatory barriers for clinical adoption.
• To review the patent landscape and clinical trial status of microfluidic IVF solutions.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of scientific publications (PubMed, Google Scholar) from 2013-2025.
• Analysis of clinical trials (ClinicalTrials.gov) and patent data (Lens.org, espacenet.com) from 2000-2025.
• Keywords: Microfluidic, IVF, Assisted Reproductive Technology, fertility, reproduction.

Main Results:

• Over 130 publications in the last 5 years propose new microfluidic IVF solutions.
• 1405 patents filed in 20 years, but only 19 clinical trials initiated since 2009.
• Clinical trials primarily focus on sperm sorting and embryo culture; benefits over traditional methods require further research.
• Key barriers include need for long-term data, standardization, and regulatory hurdles.

Conclusions:

• Microfluidics shows promise in gamete processing, embryo culture, and fertility preservation.
• Integration with AI and sensing technologies can enhance precision and automation.
• Overcoming regulatory and clinical validation challenges is crucial for future adoption in IVF clinics.