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Reduced Serum Soluble L-Selectin Levels but Not PCSK9 May Be Associated With Generalized Anxiety Disorder: A
Farzana Akter Munny1, Abir Hasan Pranto2,3, Shimanta Paul2
1Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis
|December 6, 2025
Summary
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is linked to lower soluble L-selectin (sL-selectin) levels, not PCSK9. This finding suggests sL-selectin may play a role in GAD pathogenesis, warranting further investigation.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Immunology
- Psychiatry
Background:
- Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a psychiatric condition marked by persistent worry.
- The role of specific biomarkers like soluble L-selectin (sL-selectin) and PCSK9 in GAD pathogenesis is not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the potential involvement of serum sL-selectin and PCSK9 levels in the pathophysiology of GAD.
- To explore the association between these biomarkers and GAD symptom severity.
Main Methods:
- The study included 88 GAD patients and 88 matched healthy controls.
- Serum concentrations of sL-selectin and PCSK9 were measured using ELISA kits.
- GAD diagnosis and symptom severity were assessed using DSM-5 criteria and the GAD-7 scale.
Main Results:
- GAD patients exhibited significantly lower serum sL-selectin levels compared to healthy controls.
- A significant inverse correlation was found between sL-selectin levels and GAD-7 scores.
- Serum PCSK9 levels did not differ significantly between GAD patients and controls.
- sL-selectin demonstrated predictive ability for GAD with 64.3% sensitivity and 76.5% specificity.
Conclusions:
- Serum sL-selectin, but not PCSK9, appears to be associated with the pathophysiology of GAD.
- These findings contribute to understanding the link between inflammatory cytokines and GAD.
- Further research with larger sample sizes is needed to confirm the diagnostic potential of sL-selectin in GAD.
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